Active Voice
Indicative Present
| 1st sing. | skapjō |
| 2nd sing. | skapisi |
| 3rd sing. | skapiþi |
| 1st dual | skapjōs |
| 2nd dual | skapjaþiz |
| 1st plur. | skapjamaz |
| 2nd plur. | skapiþ |
| 3rd plur. | skapjanþi |
Indicative Past
| 1st sing. | skōp |
| 2nd sing. | skōft |
| 3rd sing. | skōp |
| 1st dual | skōpū |
| 2nd dual | skōpudiz |
| 1st plur. | skōpum |
| 2nd plur. | skōpud |
| 3rd plur. | skōpun |
Subjunctive Present
| 1st sing. | skapjaų |
| 2nd sing. | skapjais |
| 3rd sing. | skapjai |
| 1st dual | skapjaiw |
| 2nd dual | skapjaiþiz |
| 1st plur. | skapjaim |
| 2nd plur. | skapjaiþ |
| 3rd plur. | skapjain |
Subjunctive Past
| 1st sing. | skōpį̄ |
| 2nd sing. | skōpīz |
| 3rd sing. | skōpī |
| 1st dual | skōpīw |
| 2nd dual | skōpīdiz |
| 1st plur. | skōpīm |
| 2nd plur. | skōpīd |
| 3rd plur. | skōpīn |
Imperative
| 2nd sing. | skapi |
| 3rd sing. | skapjaþau |
| 2nd dual | skapjaþiz |
| 2nd plur. | skapiþ |
| 3rd plur. | skapjanþau |
Passive Voice
Indicative
| 1st sing. | skapjai |
| 2nd sing. | skapjasai |
| 3rd sing. | skapjaþai |
| 1st plur. | skapjanþai |
| 2nd plur. | skapjanþai |
| 3rd plur. | skapjanþai |
Subjunctive
| 2nd sing. | skapjaisau |
| 3rd sing. | skapjaiþau |
| 1st plur. | skapjainþau |
| 2nd plur. | skapjainþau |
| 3rd plur. | skapjainþau |
Participles
| Present | skapjandz |
| Past | skapanaz |
Etymology
Of uncertain origin; the mechanical reconstruction of a supposed Proto-Indo-European *(s)keb- yields no formal cognates, in addition to containing a final *-b. Kroonen tentatively supports Lehmann's suggestion of derivation from *skappōną (“to scrape”), itself the iterative form of *skabaną (“to shave, scrape”). The semantic shift from "to scrape, hollow out" > "to form" is reasonable, albeit not very trivial. Compare also Gothic 𐌿𐍆𐌰𐍂𐍃𐌺𐌰𐍆𐍄𐍃 (ufarskafts, “first fruits”), which appears to be a derivative of *skapjaną.
Verbs referencing "skapjaną"
English
shape, Old English
scieppan, Afrikaans
skep, Dutch
scheppen, Old High German scephan, German, old spelling
schöpfen, Old Swedish
skapa, Swedish
skapa, Middle English
schapen, Alemannic German
schaffe, Danish
skabe, Luxembourgish
schafen, Frisian, Saterlandic skäppe, Danish
skaffe, Norwegian
skaffe, Old English
scyppan.
Cognates
-