swimmaną – Proto-Germanic verb conjugation

Proto-Germanic verb forms of swimmaną

Active Voice

Indicative Present

1st sing.swimmō
2nd sing.swimmizi
3rd sing.swimmidi
1st dualswimmōz
2nd dualswimmadiz
1st plur.swimmamaz
2nd plur.swimmid
3rd plur.swimmandi

Indicative Past

1st sing.swamm
2nd sing.swammt
3rd sing.swamm
1st dualsummū
2nd dualsummudiz
1st plur.summum
2nd plur.summud
3rd plur.summun

Subjunctive Present

1st sing.swimmaų
2nd sing.swimmaiz
3rd sing.swimmai
1st dualswimmaiw
2nd dualswimmaidiz
1st plur.swimmaim
2nd plur.swimmaid
3rd plur.swimmain

Subjunctive Past

1st sing.summį̄
2nd sing.summīz
3rd sing.summī
1st dualsummīw
2nd dualsummīdiz
1st plur.summīm
2nd plur.summīd
3rd plur.summīn

Imperative

2nd sing.swimm
3rd sing.swimmadau
2nd dualswimmadiz
2nd plur.swimmid
3rd plur.swimmandau

Passive Voice

Indicative

1st sing.swimmai
2nd sing.swimmazai
3rd sing.swimmadai
1st plur.swimmandai
2nd plur.swimmandai
3rd plur.swimmandai

Subjunctive

2nd sing.swimmaizau
3rd sing.swimmaidau
1st plur.swimmaindau
2nd plur.swimmaindau
3rd plur.swimmaindau

Participles

Presentswimmandz
Pastsummanaz

Etymology

Of uncertain origin. Appears to stem from a quasi-Indo-European root *swem(bʰ)- (“to be unsteady, move, swim”), albeit with no certain cognates outside of Germanic. Kroonen rejects phonetic and semantic connection to Old Irish seinnid (“to reach, bring”). Orel (who reconstructs the Proto-Germanic as *swemmaną) considers the word a secondary ablaut of Proto-Germanic *swīmaną (“to move back and forth”), which he derives from a hypothetical earlier *swīp-m-anan and tentatively connects to *swaipaną (“to sweep”). This is semantically attractive, though requires a somewhat phonetically bold pre-form.

Verbs referencing "swimmaną"

English swim, Dutch zwemmen, German, old spelling schwimmen, Swedish simma, Norn suma, Faroese svimja, Afrikaans swem, Danish svømme, Norwegian svømme, Low Saxon swimmen, Luxembourgish schwammen, Middle Dutch swemmen, Frisian, Saterlandic swimme, Middle English swymmen, Frisian, Northern swumme, Frisian, Northern swume, Frisian, Northern swome, Wymysorys švymma, Wymysorys śwyma, Wymysorys śwymma.

Cognates

-