joutadak – Proto-Finnic verb conjugation

Proto-Finnic verb forms of joutadak

Infinitives

Infinitive Ijoutadak
Infinitive IIjoutadë

Supine

joutama

Verbal Noun

joutaminën

Participles

Active Presentjoutaba
Passive Presentjoutadapa; joudattapa
Active Pastjoutanut
Passive Pastjoutadu; joudattu

Indicative

Present

Sg.1joudan
Sg.2joudat
Sg.3joutabi; jouta
Pl.1joudakma
Pl.2joudakta
Pl.3joutabat; jouta

Past

Sg.1joudëin
Sg.2joudëit
Sg.3joutëi
Pl.1joutëima
Pl.2joutëida
Pl.3joutëi

Present

Passivejoudaksën; joudat'aksën; joutadapa; joudattapa
Connegativejoudak
Passive Connegativejoudaktak

Past

Passivejoutadisën; joudattisën; joutadu; joudattu

Imperative

Sg.2joudak
Sg.3joutagasën
Pl.1joutagatëma
Pl.2joutagata
Pl.3joutagasën

Optative

Sg.1joutagon
Sg.2joutagos
Sg.3joutagosën
Pl.1joutagotëma
Pl.2joutagotta
Pl.3joutagosën

Imperative

Passivejoutadakahën; joudattakahën
Connegativejoutagak
Passive Connegativejoutadagak; joudattagak

Optative

Passivejoutadakohën; joudattakohën
Connegativejoutagok
Passive Connegativejoutadagok; joudattagok

Conditional I

Sg.1joudakcin
Sg.2joudakcit
Sg.3joudakci
Pl.1joudakcima
Pl.2joudakcita
Pl.3joudakci

Conditional II

Sg.1joutëicin
Sg.2joutëicit
Sg.3joutëici
Pl.1joutëicima
Pl.2joutëicita
Pl.3joutëici

Conditional I

Passivejoutadakcihën; joudat'akcihën
Connegativejoudakcik
Passive Connegativejoutadakcik; joudat'akcik

Conditional II

Passivejoutadicihën; joudatticihën
Connegativejoutëicik
Passive Connegativejoutadicik; joudatticik

Potential

Sg.1joutanën
Sg.2joutanët
Sg.3joutani
Pl.1joutanëma
Pl.2joutanëta
Pl.3joutani

Potential

Passivejoutadanëhën; joudattanëhën
Connegativejoutanëk
Passive Connegativejoutadanëk; joudattanëk

Etymology

Unknown. Possibly a Baltic borrowing (compare Latvian jāudat), if the original meaning was rather "to be able to".

Sample Sentences