Etymology
1. O.E.
forcippian "to pare away by cutting," v. form of
cipp "small piece of wood," perhaps from PIE base
*keipo- "sharp post" (cf. Du.
kip "small strip of wood," L.
cippus "post, stake, beam"). Sense of "break off fragments" is 18c. Noun meaning "counter used in a game of chance" is first recorded 1840. Electronics sense is from 1962. Meaning "piece of dried dung" first attested 1946. To
chip in may come from card-playing. Potato
chip is 1859.
Chip of the old block is used by Milton (1642). To
have a chip on one's shoulder is from at least 1820s, U.S., from the custom of a boy determined to fight putting a chip on his shoulder and defying another to knock it off.
Chip in "contribute" is 1861, Amer.Eng.
2. Etymology tree
3. Proto-Germanic *kippōną
4. Proto-West Germanic *kippōn
5. Old English *ċippiander.
6. Old English ċipp
7. Middle English chippe
8. English chip
9. Noun from Middle English chip, chippe, from Old English ċipp (“chip; small piece of wood, shaving”), from Old English *ċippian (“to cut; hew”) – attested in Old English forċippian (“to cut off”) –, from Proto-West Germanic *kippōn (“to cut; carve; hack; chop”), from Proto-Germanic *kippōną (“to chip, chop”), from Proto-Indo-European *ǵeyb- (“to split; divide; germinate; sprout”). Related to Dutch kip, keep (“notch; nick; score”), Dutch kippen (“to hatch”), German Low German kippen (“to cut; clip; trim; shorten”), German kipfen (“to chop off the tip; snip”), Old Swedish kippa (“to chop”). Compare also chop.
10. The formally similar Old English ċipp, ċypp, ċyp (“a beam; log; stock; post”), from Proto-Germanic *kippaz (“log; beam”) (whence Old Saxon kip (“post”), Old High German kipfa, chipfa (“axle, stave”), Old Norse keppr (“cudgel, club”)) is a different, unrelated word either borrowed from Latin cippus (“stake; pale; post”) or borrowed from the same source language as the Latin.
11. Verb from Middle English chippen, from Old English *ċippian (“to cut; hew”) – attested in Old English forċippian (“to cut off”) – see above. See: Proto-Germanic '
*kippōną', Dutch '
kippen', German, old spelling '
kipfen', Old Swedish '
kippa'.
Verbs referencing "chip"
Maltese
xellef, Maltese
ċċippja.