gredzens – Latvian noun declension

Noun: gredzens
Hyphenation:

Gender: Masculine Declension:

Singular

Nominative	gredzens
Accusative	gredzenu
Genitive	gredzena
Dative	gredzenam
Instrumental	gredzenu
Locative	gredzenā
Vocative	gredzen

Plural

Nominative	gredzeni
Accusative	gredzenus
Genitive	gredzenu
Dative	gredzeniem
Instrumental	gredzeniem
Locative	gredzenos
Vocative	gredzeni

Sample Sentences

gredzens ar dārgakmeni (ring with a precious stone)
zelta, briljanta, rubīna gredzens (golden, diamond, ruby ring)
dāvināt gradzenu (to give a ring)
laulības gredzens (a wedding ring)
Vilma savu laulības gredzenu bija atstājusi mājās, jo tā tikai tāda veca mode: staigāt visur ar riņķi pirkstā (Vilma had left her wedding ring home, because that was just an old fashion: to go everywhere with the ring in (one's) finger)
ikdienas rota senlatviešiem bija gredzeni... tos nēsāja uz abu roku visiem pirkstiem, izņemot īkšķi... bieži vien vienu pirkstu rotāja pat vairāki gredzeni (rings were an everyday ornament of ancient Latvians... they wore them on all fingers of both hands, except for the thumb... often (they) adorned one finger with several rings)
virzuļa gredzens (piston ring)
noņemt putnam no kājas gredzenu (to remove the ring from a bird's legs)
koka gadskārtu gredzeni (tree annual rings)
Saturna gredzeni (Saturn's rings)
nervu gredzens (nerve ring)
izpūst gaisā dūmu gredzenus (to blow smoke rings in the air)
(sa)griezt gredzenā (to cut (something) in a circle (= creating a circular or spiral shape))
čūska saritinājās gredzenā (the snake rolled itself up into a ring)
romāns radīts pēc gredzena principā (a roman written according to the principle of circularity)

Nouns inflected like gredzens

gredzens, greznums, sniegs, salāts, sakars, diftongs, smaids, sonets, sivēns, dienests, piecnieks, skudrs, skvērs, skaits, pacients, vilciens, realizējums, skatiens, izskats, spoguļattēls, etc. (List truncated at 20 nouns)

Etymology

From an earlier (unattested) Latvian adjective *gregs (“turned, twisted, woven”) or noun *gred(z)is (“bay, bent”) (cf. place names like Gredzups) + -ens, from a verb *gregt (“to turn, to twist, to weave, to braid”), from Proto-Baltic *greg-, from Proto-Indo-European *gerg-, *greg-, from a stem *ger- (“to turn, to twist”) (whence also griezt (“to turn”), q.v.) with an extra -g. The original meaning was “turned, bent, woven thing” > “round woven thing (like a wreath)” > “ring.” Cognates include Old Prussian graudis (corrected to grandis), Old Norse krākr (“bending, bay, hook”), Middle English crinkled (“turned, twisted”), English crinkle, Dutch krinkel (“loop, noose”). See: Old Norse Nouns 'krākr', English Nouns 'crinkle'.