akmens – Latvian noun declension

Noun: akmens
Hyphenation:

Gender: Masculine Declension:

Singular

Nominative	akmens
Accusative	akmeni
Genitive	akmens
Dative	akmenim
Instrumental	akmeni
Locative	akmenī
Vocative	akmeni

Plural

Nominative	akmeņi
Accusative	akmeņus
Genitive	akmeņu
Dative	akmeņiem
Instrumental	akmeņiem
Locative	akmeņos
Vocative	akmeņi

Sample Sentences

ass, šķautņaina akmens (sharp, angular stone)
akmens šķembas (crushed stone)
akmens slabs, plāksne (stone pillar, plate)
akmens klons, sienas, bruģis (stone floor, walls, pavement)
mest akmeni (to throw a stone)
lauzt akmeņus (to break stones, rocks)
smags ka akmens (heavy as a rock)
ciets ka akmens (hard as a rock)
krīt ka akmens (to fall like a rock)
akmens laikmets (the stone age (in prehistory))
akmens sirds (heart of stone)
gleznotājs ar nekustīgu akmens seju bija atlaidies atzveltnes krēslā (the painter with the immobile, stone face had let himself down on the armchair)
rets akmens (rare (gem)stone)
īsti akmeņi (real, genuine (gem)stone)
gredzens ar akmeni (ring with a (precious) stone)
pulkstenis ar piecpadsmit akmeņiem (a clock with fifteen gems)
žults akmeņi (gall stones)
zobu akmens, zobakmens (tartar (lit. teeth stone))
nieru akmeņi veidojas nieru bļodiņās (kidney stones are formed in the renal pelvis)
katla akmens (boiler stone (= mineral deposits on boiler walls resulting from boiling water))

Nouns inflected like akmens

zibens, minerālūdens, laukakmens, dārgakmens, tualetes ūdens, sālsūdens, ūdens, saldūdens, kapakmens, kaļķakmens, akmens, asmens, smilšakmens, rudens,

Etymology

1. From Proto-Balto-Slavic *ákmō, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂éḱ-mō (whence also asmens, originally a parallel form to akmens, created by a different development of *ḱ, perhaps due to Proto-Indo-European dialectal differences), from the stem *h₂éḱ- (“sharp, pointy, angular; stone”) with an extra element -men. Cognates include Lithuanian akmuõ, genitive akmeñs, Sudovian akmi, Hittite [script needed] (aku, “sharp stone”), Sanskrit अश्मन् (aśman, “stone, rock, sky”), Avestan 𐬀𐬯𐬨𐬀𐬥 (asman, “stone, sky”), Ancient Greek ἄκμων (ákmōn, “anvil”), ἀκμή (akmḗ, “spike, edge, blade”); with reduction (zero grade) of the stem (*h₂éḱ-h₂-men > Proto-Slavic *kamy (“stone”)), also Belarusian, Russian ка́мень (kámenʹ), Ukrainian ка́мінь (káminʹ), Bulgarian ка́мен (kámen), Czech kámen, Polish kamień.
2. According to more recent analyses, the corresponding form may have been *ákmō all the way up to Eastern Baltic unity, thus identical to the Proto-Balto-Slavic form. See: Ancient Greek Nouns 'ἄκμων', Bulgarian Nouns 'ка́мен', Czech Nouns 'kámen', Polish Nouns 'kamień'.