kopati – Proto-Slavic verb conjugation

Infinitive

kopati

Participles

Aorist

1st sing.	kopaxъ
2nd sing.	kopa
3rd sing.	kopa
1st dual	kopaxově
2nd dual	kopasta
3rd dual	kopaste
1st plur.	kopaxomъ
2nd plur.	kopaste
3rd plur.	kopašę

Present

1st sing.	kopľǫ; kopajǫ
2nd sing.	kopľeši; kopaješi
3rd sing.	kopľetь; kopajetь
1st dual	kopľevě; kopajevě
2nd dual	kopľeta; kopajeta
3rd dual	kopľete; kopajete
1st plur.	kopľemъ; kopajemъ
2nd plur.	kopľete; kopajete
3rd plur.	kopľǫtь; kopajǫtь

Imperfect

1st sing.	kopaaxъ
2nd sing.	kopaaše
3rd sing.	kopaaše
1st dual	kopaaxově
2nd dual	kopaašeta
3rd dual	kopaašete
1st plur.	kopaaxomъ
2nd plur.	kopaašete
3rd plur.	kopaaxǫ

Imperative

2nd sing.	kopľi; kopaji
3rd sing.	kopľi; kopaji
1st dual	kopľivě; kopajivě
2nd dual	kopľita; kopajita
1st plur.	kopľimъ; kopajimъ
2nd plur.	kopľite; kopajite

Future

Verbs conjugated like kopati

xapati, zybati, zobati, drěmati, skubati, perživati, klepati, trepati, dubati, kolěbati, capati, kopati,

Etymology

1. Reflects the iterative Proto-Balto-Slavic *kаpā́ˀtei, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kep-. Parallel to Proto-Slavic *skopiti (“to castrate”) > Old Church Slavonic скопити (skopiti). Cognate with Latvian kapāt (“to chop, hew”), Lithuanian kapóti (“to chop, hew”) and akin to Old Prussian enkopts (“buried”).
2. Per ESSJa, possibly superseded an earlier *kòp(je)ti (pres. 1p. sg. *kòpľǫ, attested in Slovene, Polish, Czech), cognate with Lithuanian kàpti (“to chop”), Ancient Greek κόπτω (kóptō, “to beat, to hit”).
3. Compare typologically Latin battuō (possibly from Proto-Indo-European *bʰedʰh₂- (“to dig, burrow; to pierce, stab”)). See: Proto-Slavic '*skopiti', Old Church Slavonic 'скопити', Latvian 'kapāt'.

Verbs referencing "kopati"

Serbo-Croatian kopati, Czech kopat, Old Church Slavonic копати, Serbo-Croatian копати, Ukrainian копати, Russian копать, Belarusan капаць, Macedonian копа, Latvian kapāt, Bulgarian копам, Proto-Slavic kapati, Proto-Slavic skopiti, Polish kopsnąć, Ukrainian колупати.

Sample Sentences

Cognates

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