dulcis – Latin adjective declension

Adjective: dulcis
Hyphenation:

Declension: Third

Nominative

Singular masc.	dulcis
Singular fem.	dulcis
Singular neut.	dulce
Plural masc.	dulcēs
Plural fem.	dulcēs
Plural neut.	dulcia

Genitive

Singular masc.	dulcis
Singular fem.	dulcis
Singular neut.	dulcis
Plural masc.	dulcium
Plural fem.	dulcium
Plural neut.	dulcium

Dative

Singular masc.	dulcī
Singular fem.	dulcī
Singular neut.	dulcī
Plural masc.	dulcibus
Plural fem.	dulcibus
Plural neut.	dulcibus

Accusative

Singular masc.	dulcem
Singular fem.	dulcem
Singular neut.	dulce
Plural masc.	dulcīs; dulcēs
Plural fem.	dulcīs; dulcēs
Plural neut.	dulcia

Ablative

Singular masc.	dulcī
Singular fem.	dulcī
Singular neut.	dulcī
Plural masc.	dulcibus
Plural fem.	dulcibus
Plural neut.	dulcibus

Vocative

Singular masc.	dulcis
Singular fem.	dulcis
Singular neut.	dulce
Plural masc.	dulcēs
Plural fem.	dulcēs
Plural neut.	dulcia

Comparison

Comparative	dulcior
Superlative	dulcissimus

Sample Sentences

omnia ad salutem temperat conmutatque sese semper cum calore arida simul et umida et dulcis et amara et acris (It has all the virtues necessary for health, and constantly changes its nature along with the heat, being moist and dry, sweet, bitter, and acid.) [234 BCE – 149 BCE, Marcus Porcius Cato, De agri cultura 157.1]
cāna prius gelidō dēsint absinthia Pontō
et careat dulcī Trīnacris Hybla thymō [8 CE – 12 CE, Ovidius, Tristia 5.13.22]
dicit plorare etiam Demosthenes istum quem saepe dicat voce dulci et clara fuisse (Demosthenes, however, says most upon this head, and often speaks of his accuser as having a sweet-sounding and clear pronunciation.) [46 BCE, Cicero, Brutus 57]
Dulce et decōrum est prō patriā morī. (Sweet and fitting it is to die for one's fatherland.) [23 BCE – 13 BCE, Horatius, Carmina 3.2.13]
tum pinguēs agnī et tum mollissima vīna (Then lambs are fat, and wines are mellowest then; then sleep is sweet, and dark the shadows fall upon the mountains.) [c. 37 BCE – 30 BCE, Vergilius, Georgicon 1.342]
Quam dulcis sit lībertās breviter prōloquar. (Let me declare briefly how sweet freedom is.) [c. 15 BCE – c. 50 CE, Phaedrus, Fabulae 7.1]
tē, dulcis coniūnx, tē sōlō in lītore secum […] (You, his dear wife, on the lone shore alone, […]) [c. 37 BCE – 30 BCE, Vergilius, Georgicon 4.465]

Adjectives inflected like dulcis

frūgālis, subtīlis, sēgnis, puerīlis, adclīvis, cīvīlis, vocābilis, īnsignis, nōbilis, fertilis, dēfōrmis, perfidēlis, grandis, praedulcis, stabilis, crūdēlis, horribilis, inaequālis, līberālis, cōmis, etc. (List truncated at 20 adjectives)

Etymology

Most likely akin to Ancient Greek γλυκύς (glukús, “sweet”), both traditionally derived from a tentative Proto-Indo-European *dl̥kús (“sweet”), although the fall of -u- in the Latin form would be left unexplained, and the Greek form is problematic as well. Given that Latin and Greek are linguistically quite distant while being very close geographically, it is likely the word does not go back to PIE as it may have been borrowed from a common unknown source, possibly related to lac (“milk”). Compare typologically Persian شیرین (šīrēn, “sweet”) from شیر (šīr, “milk”) and Proto-Turkic *sǖčig (“sweet”) from *sǖt (“milk”).

Verbs referencing "dulcis"

French Adjectives doux, Italian Adjectives dolce, English Adjectives douce, Romanian Adjectives dulce, Galician Adjectives doce, Portuguese Adjectives doce, Catalan Adjectives dolç, Italian Adjectives dolco, English Adjectives dulciloquent, English Adjectives dulcisonant, English Adjectives dulceous, English Adjectives dulciferous.