read – English verb conjugation

English verb forms of read

Nominal Forms

Infinitive: to read sth into sth
Participle: read sth into sth
Gerund: reading sth into sth

Cognates

-

Indicative

Present

Iread sth into sth
youread sth into sth
he;she;itreads sth into sth
weread sth into sth
youread sth into sth
theyread sth into sth

Perfect

Ihave read sth into sth
youhave read sth into sth
he;she;ithas read sth into sth
wehave read sth into sth
youhave read sth into sth
theyhave read sth into sth

Past

Iread sth into sth
youread sth into sth
he;she;itread sth into sth
weread sth into sth
youread sth into sth
theyread sth into sth

Pluperfect

Ihad read sth into sth
youhad read sth into sth
he;she;ithad read sth into sth
wehad read sth into sth
youhad read sth into sth
theyhad read sth into sth

Future

Iwill read sth into sth
youwill read sth into sth
he;she;itwill read sth into sth
wewill read sth into sth
youwill read sth into sth
theywill read sth into sth

Future Perfect

Iwill have read sth into sth
youwill have read sth into sth
he;she;itwill have read sth into sth
wewill have read sth into sth
youwill have read sth into sth
theywill have read sth into sth

Subjunctive

Present

Iread sth into sth
youread sth into sth
he;she;itread sth into sth
weread sth into sth
youread sth into sth
theyread sth into sth

Perfect

Ihave read sth into sth
youhave read sth into sth
he;she;ithave read sth into sth
wehave read sth into sth
youhave read sth into sth
theyhave read sth into sth

Imperfect

Iread sth into sth
youread sth into sth
he;she;itread sth into sth
weread sth into sth
youread sth into sth
theyread sth into sth

Pluperfect

Ihad read sth into sth
youhad read sth into sth
he;she;ithad read sth into sth
wehad read sth into sth
youhad read sth into sth
theyhad read sth into sth

Conditional

Present

Iwould read sth into sth
youwould read sth into sth
he;she;itwould read sth into sth
wewould read sth into sth
youwould read sth into sth
theywould read sth into sth

Perfect

Iwould have read sth into sth
youwould have read sth into sth
he;she;itwould have read sth into sth
wewould have read sth into sth
youwould have read sth into sth
theywould have read sth into sth

Imperative

youread sth into sth
weLet's read sth into sth
youread sth into sth

Progressive (Continuous) Forms

Indicative

Present

Iam reading sth into sth
youare reading sth into sth
he;she;itis reading sth into sth
weare reading sth into sth
youare reading sth into sth
theyare reading sth into sth

Perfect

Ihave been reading sth into sth
youhave been reading sth into sth
he;she;ithas been reading sth into sth
wehave been reading sth into sth
youhave been reading sth into sth
theyhave been reading sth into sth

Past

Iwas reading sth into sth
youwere reading sth into sth
he;she;itwas reading sth into sth
wewere reading sth into sth
youwere reading sth into sth
theywere reading sth into sth

Pluperfect

Ihad been reading sth into sth
youhad been reading sth into sth
he;she;ithad been reading sth into sth
wehad been reading sth into sth
youhad been reading sth into sth
theyhad been reading sth into sth

Future

Iwill be reading sth into sth
youwill be reading sth into sth
he;she;itwill be reading sth into sth
wewill be reading sth into sth
youwill be reading sth into sth
theywill be reading sth into sth

Future Perfect

Iwill have been reading sth into sth
youwill have been reading sth into sth
he;she;itwill have been reading sth into sth
wewill have been reading sth into sth
youwill have been reading sth into sth
theywill have been reading sth into sth

Conditional

Present

Iwould be reading sth into sth
youwould be reading sth into sth
he;she;itwould be reading sth into sth
wewould be reading sth into sth
youwould be reading sth into sth
theywould be reading sth into sth

Perfect

Iwould have been reading sth into sth
youwould have been reading sth into sth
he;she;itwould have been reading sth into sth
wewould have been reading sth into sth
youwould have been reading sth into sth
theywould have been reading sth into sth

Other

Verbs conjugated like 'read'

beset, broadcast, burst, bust, cost, crosscut, cut, forecast, hit, hurt, inset, let, misread, overset, overspread, put, read, rebroadcast, recut, relet, etc. (List truncated at 20 verbs)

Verbs similar to 'read'

aread, bead, bread, dead, dread, head, lead, readd, ready, ream,

Synonyms & Antonyms

Additional Information

Etymology

1. O.E. rædan (W.Saxon), redan (Anglian) "to explain, read, rule, advise" (related to ræd, red "advice"), from P.Gmc. *raedanan (cf. O.N. raða, O.Fris. reda, Du. raden, O.H.G. ratan, Ger. raten "to advise, counsel, guess"), from PIE base *rei- "to reason, count" (cf. Skt. radh- "to succeed, accomplish," Gk. arithmos "number amount," O.C.S. raditi "to take thought, attend to," O.Ir. im-radim "to deliberate, consider"). Connected to riddle via notion of "interpret." Words from this root in most modern Gmc. languages still mean "counsel, advise." Transference to "understand the meaning of written symbols" is unique to O.E. and (perhaps under Eng. influence) O.N. raða. Most languages use a word rooted in the idea of "gather up" as their word for "read" (cf. Fr. lire, from L. legere). Sense of "make out the character of (a person)" is attested from 1611. The noun meaning "an act of reading" is recorded from 1825. Read up "study" is from 1842; read-only in computer jargon is recorded from 1961. O.E. ræda "advise, counsel" is in the name of Anglo-Saxon king Æðelræd II (968-1016), lit. "good counsel," and in his epithet Unræd, usually rendered into Mod.Eng. as Unready, but really meaning "no-counsel." Rede "counsel" survived in poetic usage to 17c. An attempted revival by Scott (19c.) failed, though it is used in Tolkien's "Lord of the Rings."
2. From Middle English reden, from Old English rǣdan (“to counsel, advise, consult; interpret, read”), from Proto-West Germanic *rādan, from Proto-Germanic *rēdaną (“advise, counsel”), from Proto-Indo-European *Hreh₁dʰ- (“to arrange”).
3. Cognate with Scots rede, red (“to advise, counsel, decipher, read”), Saterland Frisian räide (“to advise, counsel”), West Frisian riede (“to advise, counsel”), Dutch raden (“to advise; guess”), German raten (“to advise; guess”), Danish råde (“to advise”), Swedish råda (“to advise, counsel”), Persian رده (rade, “to order, to arrange, class”). In West Germanic the verb had a sense “interpret”, which developed further into “interpret letters” in English and “interpret by intuition, guess” on the continent. Compare rede. See: Middle English 'reden', Proto-Germanic '*rēdaną', Frisian, Saterlandic 'räide', Dutch 'raden', German, old spelling 'raten', Danish 'råde', Swedish 'råda'.

Verbs referencing "read"

German, Pennsylvania rode, Luxembourgish roden, Norwegian, nynorsk rå, Bislama ridim, Tok Pisin ridim, Icelandic ráða, Danish råde, Wymysorys rȫta, Proto-Slavic raditi.

Sample Sentences

  • It was pretty much the same for the next two days, with a tolerably fair wind and dry weather. I read in bed (but to this hour I do n't know what ) a good deal; and reeled on deck a little; drank cold brandy-and-water with an unspeakable disgust, and ate hard biscuit perseveringly: not ill, but [...] (American Notes for General Circulation)
  • ‘Then, on any article being handed to her, for instance, a pencil, or a watch, she would select the component letters, and arrange them on her board, and read them with apparent pleasure. (American Notes for General Circulation)
  • ‘“ But wonderful as is the rapidity with which she writes her thoughts upon the air, still more so is the ease and accuracy with which she reads the words thus written by another; grasping their hands in hers, and following every movement of their fingers, as letter after letter conveys their meaning to her mind. It is in this way that she [...] (American Notes for General Circulation)
  • “ Mas’r George is such a beautiful reader, now, I know he'll stay to read for us, ” said Aunt Chloe; “ ‘pears like ’ t will be so much more interestin ’. ” (Uncle Tom’s Cabin)
  • [...] than the gratification of an internal faculty. She has been known to sit for half an hour, holding a book before her sightless eyes, and moving her lips, as she has observed seeing people do when reading. (American Notes for General Circulation)
  • [...] but most interesting and instructive history of Laura Bridgman. The name of her great benefactor and friend, who writes it, is Dr. Howe. There are not many persons, I hope and believe, who, after reading these passages, can ever hear that name with indifference. (American Notes for General Circulation)
  • Each ward in this institution is shaped like a long gallery or hall, with the dormitories of the patients opening from it on either hand. Here they work, read, play at skittles, and other games; and when the weather does not admit of their taking exercise out of doors, pass the day together. In one of these rooms, seated, calmly, and quite as a matter of [...] (American Notes for General Circulation)
  • [...] was radiant with imaginary jewels; wore a rich pair of undoubted gold spectacles; and gracefully dropped upon her lap, as we approached, a very old greasy newspaper, in which I dare say she had been reading an account of her own presentation at some Foreign Court. (American Notes for General Circulation)
  • [...] his hands in his pockets and stares at you, if you chance to be a stranger; or enters into conversation with the passengers about him. A great many newspapers are pulled out, and a few of them are read. Everybody talks to you, or to anybody else who hits his fancy. If you are an Englishman, he expects that that railroad is pretty much like an English railroad. If you say ‘No, ’ he says ‘Yes ? ’ [...] (American Notes for General Circulation)
  • [...] written exclusively by females actively employed in the mills,’—which is duly printed, published, and sold; and whereof I brought away from Lowell four hundred good solid pages, which I have read from beginning to end. (American Notes for General Circulation)