Adjective: turpis
Hyphenation:
Declension: Third
Nominative
| Singular masc. | turpis |
| Singular fem. | turpis |
| Singular neut. | turpe |
| Plural masc. | turpēs |
| Plural fem. | turpēs |
| Plural neut. | turpia |
Genitive
| Singular masc. | turpis |
| Singular fem. | turpis |
| Singular neut. | turpis |
| Plural masc. | turpium |
| Plural fem. | turpium |
| Plural neut. | turpium |
Dative
| Singular masc. | turpī |
| Singular fem. | turpī |
| Singular neut. | turpī |
| Plural masc. | turpibus |
| Plural fem. | turpibus |
| Plural neut. | turpibus |
Accusative
| Singular masc. | turpem |
| Singular fem. | turpem |
| Singular neut. | turpe |
| Plural masc. | turpīs; turpēs |
| Plural fem. | turpīs; turpēs |
| Plural neut. | turpia |
Ablative
| Singular masc. | turpī |
| Singular fem. | turpī |
| Singular neut. | turpī |
| Plural masc. | turpibus |
| Plural fem. | turpibus |
| Plural neut. | turpibus |
Vocative
| Singular masc. | turpis |
| Singular fem. | turpis |
| Singular neut. | turpe |
| Plural masc. | turpēs |
| Plural fem. | turpēs |
| Plural neut. | turpia |
Comparison
| Comparative | turpior |
| Superlative | turpissimus |
Sample Sentences
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Attributed to Ennius by Cicero in Dē nātūrā deōrum, Book I, Chapter XXXV (How similar to us is that most vile beast, the ape!)
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Vidē quam turpī lētō pereāmus! (See what a disgraceful death we die!)
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Nunc hiemem inter sē luxū, quam longa, fovēre, (Now [Dido and Aeneas] warm one another in wanton excess for as long as winter lasts, mindless of their kingdoms, and seized by shameful lust.) [29 BCE – 19 BCE, Vergilius, Aeneis 4.193–194]
Adjectives inflected like turpis
frūgālis,
subtīlis,
sēgnis,
puerīlis,
adclīvis,
cīvīlis,
vocābilis,
īnsignis,
nōbilis,
fertilis,
dēfōrmis,
perfidēlis,
grandis,
praedulcis,
stabilis,
crūdēlis,
horribilis,
inaequālis,
līberālis,
cōmis, etc. (List truncated at 20 adjectives)
Etymology
Uncertain. Traditionally derived from Proto-Indo-European *trep- (“to turn”) (with the word interpreted as "turning away" > "repelling" > "disgusting"), and compared with Ancient Greek τρέπω (trépō, “to turn, divert”), Sanskrit त्रपते (trapate, “to be ashamed”). Compare typologically Russian отврати́тельный (otvratítelʹnyj) (< Old Church Slavonic отъвратити (otŭvratiti) < вратити (vratiti)). De Vaan is skeptical of the semantics of this derivation, and prefers, albeit with hesitation, to compare the word with torpeō (“to be stiff”).
Verbs referencing "turpis"
Galician Adjectives
torpe, Spanish Adjectives
torpe, English Adjectives
turpid, Italian Adjectives
turpe.
Translations