Nominal Forms
Infinitive: to refer
Participle: referred
Gerund: referring
Indicative
Present
| I | refer |
| you | refer |
| he;she;it | refers |
| we | refer |
| you | refer |
| they | refer |
Perfect
| I | have referred |
| you | have referred |
| he;she;it | has referred |
| we | have referred |
| you | have referred |
| they | have referred |
Past
| I | referred |
| you | referred |
| he;she;it | referred |
| we | referred |
| you | referred |
| they | referred |
Pluperfect
| I | had referred |
| you | had referred |
| he;she;it | had referred |
| we | had referred |
| you | had referred |
| they | had referred |
Future
| I | will refer |
| you | will refer |
| he;she;it | will refer |
| we | will refer |
| you | will refer |
| they | will refer |
Future Perfect
| I | will have referred |
| you | will have referred |
| he;she;it | will have referred |
| we | will have referred |
| you | will have referred |
| they | will have referred |
Subjunctive
Present
| I | refer |
| you | refer |
| he;she;it | refer |
| we | refer |
| you | refer |
| they | refer |
Perfect
| I | have referred |
| you | have referred |
| he;she;it | have referred |
| we | have referred |
| you | have referred |
| they | have referred |
Imperfect
| I | referred |
| you | referred |
| he;she;it | referred |
| we | referred |
| you | referred |
| they | referred |
Pluperfect
| I | had referred |
| you | had referred |
| he;she;it | had referred |
| we | had referred |
| you | had referred |
| they | had referred |
Conditional
Present
| I | would refer |
| you | would refer |
| he;she;it | would refer |
| we | would refer |
| you | would refer |
| they | would refer |
Perfect
| I | would have referred |
| you | would have referred |
| he;she;it | would have referred |
| we | would have referred |
| you | would have referred |
| they | would have referred |
Imperative
| you | refer |
| we | Let's refer |
| you | refer |
Verbs conjugated like 'refer'
abet,
abhor,
abut,
acquit,
admit,
affrap,
allot,
alum,
amel,
amit,
anagram,
anvil,
apparel,
aret,
arret,
assot,
astun,
attrap,
augur,
avel, etc. (List truncated at 20 verbs)
Verbs similar to 'refer'
defer,
prefer,
refar,
refel,
beer,
befur,
bever,
deter,
fever,
infer,
Synonyms & Antonyms
Synonyms
- to have to do with; be relevant to
- affect, bear on, bear upon, concern, impact, involve, pertain, regard, relate, touch
- indirect suggestion
- advert, allude, hint, imply, indicate, inkle, insinuate, intimate, signify, suggest
- direct
- designate, submit, consign, deliver, commit
- concern
- pertain, relate, apply, involve, include, belong, obtain, encompass
- mention
- allude, suggest, cite, point, ascribe, adduce
Antonyms
- direct
- mislead, divert, deceive
- mention
- silence, suppress, hide, ignore
Additional Information
Etymology
1. c.1374, "to trace back, attribute, assign," from O.Fr.
referer (14c.), from L.
referre "to relate, refer," lit. "to carry back," from
re- "back" +
ferre "carry" (see infer). Meaning "to commit to some authority for a decision" is from 1456; sense of "to direct (someone) to a book, etc." is from 1601.
Referral "act of referring" is first recorded 1934; specific sense of "an act of referring an individual to a specialist" is from 1955.
2. From Middle English referren, from Old French referer, from Latin referre. The noun (used in journalism) is from the verb. Doublet of relate. See also infer, collate and confer, delate and defer, as well as prelate and prefer among others. See: Old French '
referer', Latin '
referre'.
Verbs referencing "refer"
Dutch
refereren.
Sample Sentences
-
[...] limits, I would always encourage this kind of pride, as a worthy element of self-respect, in any person I employed; and should no more be deterred from doing so, because some wretched female referred her fall to a love of dress, than I would allow my construction of the real intent and meaning of the Sabbath to be influenced by any warning to the well-disposed, founded on his backslidings on [...]
(American Notes for General Circulation)
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We had previously looked into another chamber fitted all round with a great, bare, wooden desk or counter, whereon lay files of newspapers, to which sundry gentlemen were referring. But there were no such means of beguiling the time in this apartment, which was as unpromising and tiresome as any waiting-room in one of our public establishments, or any physician 's dining-room [...]
(American Notes for General Circulation)
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[...] like myself, declining, without any impropriety, an invitation to dinner, which did not reach me until I had concluded my arrangements for leaving Washington some days before that to which it referred, I only returned to this house once. It was on the occasion of one of those general assemblies which are held on certain nights, between the hours of nine and twelve o’clock, and are called, rather [...]
(American Notes for General Circulation)
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[...] public buildings, and population, perhaps it may be. It certainly has a great quantity of smoke hanging about it, and is famous for its iron-works. Besides the prison to which I have already referred, this town contains a pretty arsenal and other institutions. It is very beautifully situated on the Alleghany River, over which there are two bridges; and the villas of the wealthier citizens [...]
(American Notes for General Circulation)
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As in every other place I visited, the judges here were gentlemen of high character and attainments. I was in one of the courts for a few minutes, and found it like those to which I have already referred. A nuisance cause was trying; there were not many spectators; and the witnesses, counsel, and jury, formed a sort of family circle, sufficiently jocose and snug.
(American Notes for General Circulation)
-
[...] either, I will once more turn to their own newspapers, and I will confine myself, this time, to a selection from paragraphs which appeared from day to day, during my visit to America, and which refer to occurrences happening while I was there. The italics in these extracts, as in the foregoing, are my own.
(American Notes for General Circulation)
-
In like manner, all kinds of deficient and impolitic usages are referred to the national love of trade; though, oddly enough, it would be a weighty charge against a foreigner that he regarded the Americans as a trading people. The love of trade is assigned as a reason [...]
(American Notes for General Circulation)
-
[...] testimony, so long as I live, and so long as my descendants have any legal right in my books, I shall cause to be republished, as an appendix to every copy of those two books of mine in which I have referred to America. And this I will do and cause to be done, not in mere love and thankfulness, but because I regard it as an act of plain justice and honour. ’
(American Notes for General Circulation)
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What the _exertions_ were which Marie referred to, it would have been difficult to state. St. Clare quietly made this commentary to himself, and went on smoking, like a hard-hearted wretch of a man as he was, till a carriage drove up before the [...]
(Uncle Tom’s Cabin)
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[...] should be brought into tangible and recognizable shape, let the consequences to her prove what they might. In the mean time, they received a letter from the lawyer to whom Miss Ophelia had referred them, saying that he knew nothing of the matter; that the man was sold at a public auction, and that, beyond receiving the money, he knew nothing of the affair.
(Uncle Tom’s Cabin)